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Legal & Ethical AspectsCyber Threat Intelligence

Understand the legal framework and ethical principles for practicing CTI in a responsible manner and in compliance with international regulations

Legal disclaimer

This guide is provided for informational purposes only. It is not a legal opinion. Always consult with a lawyer specializing in cybersecurity law for questions specific to your situation.

International Legal Frameworks

Main regulations governing the practice of Cyber Threat Intelligence

GDPR

European Union

  • Personal data protection
  • Consent required for processing
  • Fines up to 4% of global revenue

💡 CTI platforms must anonymize personal data

NIS2 Directive

European Union

  • Network and systems security
  • Mandatory incident notification
  • Cooperation between Member States

💡 Legal framework for IOC sharing and CTI cooperation

CFAA (USA)

United States

  • Computer Fraud and Abuse Act
  • Prohibits unauthorized system access
  • Civil and criminal penalties

💡 Prohibits CTI collection via unauthorized systems

Budapest Convention

68 signatory countries

  • First treaty on cybercrime
  • International cooperation
  • Harmonization of legislations

💡 Legal basis for international CTI sharing

Ethical Principles of CTI

Beyond legal obligations, follow these principles

TLP (Traffic Light Protocol)

Respect confidentiality levels

  • → TLP:RED - Strictly limited distribution
  • → TLP:AMBER - Organizational sharing
  • → TLP:GREEN - Community sharing
  • → TLP:WHITE - Public distribution

Responsible attribution

Be cautious in attack attribution

  • → Verify your sources multiple times
  • → Avoid hasty conclusions
  • → Document your confidence level
  • → Consider false flags

Source protection

Protect your sources and methods

  • → Don't reveal sensitive sources
  • → Encrypt your CTI data
  • → Respect confidentiality agreements
  • → Protect informants

Fair sharing

Contribute to the CTI community

  • → Share IOCs with the community
  • → Participate in MISP/OpenCTI platforms
  • → Respect reciprocity
  • → Don't monetize sensitive data

Ready to practice CTI ethically?

Explore our practical cases to apply these principles