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OSINT Introduction

Open Source Intelligence: The art of digital investigation

Discover how to collect, analyze and exploit publicly accessible information to conduct thorough investigations, identify threats and protect your systems.

What is OSINT?

Open Source Intelligence (OSINT) refers to the systematic collection and analysis of information from publicly accessible sources. Unlike invasive methods, OSINT exploits data that is legally available on the Internet and in public registries.

In cybersecurity, OSINT has become an essential pillar for:

  • Identifying vulnerabilities before they are exploited
  • Detecting data breaches and unauthorized exposures
  • Analyzing attacker tactics, techniques and procedures
  • Mapping an organization's attack surface

OSINT application domains

People Investigation

Search for information about individuals via social networks, public registries and digital traces

Infrastructure Analysis

Network mapping, DNS analysis, identification of exposed servers and services

Threat Intelligence

Underground forum monitoring, data breach detection, IOC analysis

Reputation Analysis

Evaluation of public image, detection of negative mentions, sentiment analysis

OSINT source categories

Internet Sources

  • Search engines (Google, Bing, DuckDuckGo)
  • Social networks (LinkedIn, Twitter, Facebook)
  • Websites, blogs and specialized forums
  • Web archives (Wayback Machine)
  • Sharing platforms (GitHub, Pastebin)

Technical Sources

  • DNS and WHOIS (domain registries)
  • SSL/TLS certificates and transparency
  • Shodan and Censys (IoT search engines)
  • File metadata (EXIF, PDF)
  • Public APIs and databases

Institutional Sources

  • Commercial and legal registries
  • Government publications
  • Public databases
  • Financial reports and studies
  • Official documents and archives

OSINT Methodology in 5 Steps

1

Planning

Define your objectives, identify targets and relevant sources

Establish a clear scopeList key questionsPrepare your tools
2

Collection

Gather information in a methodical and organized manner

Document sourcesCapture evidenceUse appropriate tools
3

Analysis

Evaluate, correlate and validate collected data

Verify reliabilityCross-reference sourcesIdentify patterns
4

Documentation

Record your findings with timestamps and traceability

Timestamped screenshotsDetailed notesChain of custody
5

Report

Present results in a clear, concise and actionable manner

Executive summaryClear timelineRecommendations

Essential best practices

Respect Legality

Only access public sources. Never hack, never violate privacy.

Protect Your Anonymity

Use VPN, Tor, isolated VMs to avoid exposing your identity during sensitive investigations.

Document Everything

Capture timestamped evidence, note URLs, archive content before it disappears.

Ready to dive into OSINT?

Explore now the different sources and methodologies to master the art of open source investigation.